Polyester

Background

Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Hit Anchor. In this reaction,Shield Anchor.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Hollow Wall Anchor. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail-, soil-, and fire-Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut,Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes.Coupling Nut, and not damaged by mildew.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Drop in Anchor,Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Chemical Anchor. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins. The four basic forms are filament,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut, producing smooth-Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip.Protective Horse Rubber Boots, filaments are cut to short,Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots.High Neck Bell Boots For Horse. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Horse Rubber Bell Boots.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Horse Rubber Parts,Custom Rubber Gaskets, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Rubber Dust Cover. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Gear Shift Lever Boot, which are usually round,Auto Rubber Engine Mounting. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Automotive Rubber Bushings. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Stabilizer Rubber Bushing.
• Rubber To Metal Bonding Bushings,Rubber Bushing. Also,Automotive Rubber Parts,Silicone Rubber Rollers.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Rubber Coated Rollers

Non-Slip Rubber Feet, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Anti Abrasion Rubber Bumpers. The rope-Rubber Bumpers.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Square Rubber Grommets.Custom Molded Rubber Parts.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Compression Molding Custom Rubber Parts, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Extrusion Molding Custom Rubber Parts.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Custom Neoprene Rubber Products.Custom Rubber Parts Anti-Slip Handle Grip.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,EPDM Rubber Sheets. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Rubber Parts.Custom Rubber Parts, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Color Plexiglass Sheet For Making Furnitures.

The Future

Transparent Plexiglass Sheet For LED Display,Plexiglass Sheet's fastest-growing fiber.Pure Raw Materials Color Extruded Acrylic Sheet. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Extruded Acrylic Sheet, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Transparent PMMA Sheet For Making Face Shields. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.White Color PMMA Plastic Sheet For Making Bathtub, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.