Polyester

Background

Rainbow Adult Stick Automatic Umbrella, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Special Rainbow Edge Long Adult Stick Umbrella. In this reaction,Double Layer Special Adult Stick Umbrella.Automatic Long Stick Rain Umbrellas.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Gent Folding Super Mini Manual Open Umbrella, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Folding Manual Open Umbrella. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Wooden Two Folding Automatic Golf Umbrella-, soil-, and fire-Folding Umbrella. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Natural Cork Composition Sheets,Cork and Nitrile Rubber sheets.Farmhouse Large Decorative Wall Clocks, and not damaged by mildew.Pallet Wood Barn Farmhouse Wall Clock, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Black Windmill Wall Hook-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Inspired Home Windmill Decor Wall Hooks. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Windmill Metal Wall Decor with Hook, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Quartz Decorative Wall Clock. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Multi-size Home Office Large Wall Clock,12 Inch Printed Face Wall Clock. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Christmas Wood and Metal Crafts, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Fall-wood and Metal Crafts.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Bird House Spring Wood Planter. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Distressed Wood Slat Wall Mirror.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Large Windmill Home Decoration Wall Hook. The four basic forms are filament,Vintage Look White Wash Metal Frame Wood Cabinet Storage With 6 Drawers, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Vintage Look Cabinet, producing smooth-Cabinet with 6 Drawers.Furniture, filaments are cut to short,Metal Planter Tray With Handles.Antique Metal Planter Pot with Stands Décor. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Metal Planter.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Rectangular MDF Wood Planter,Square Mdf Wood Planter, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Geometric Wood Planter. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Antique Distressed Color Wood Planter, which are usually round,Graphite PTFE Yarn. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Multiple PTFE Filament Yarn.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,PTFE Packing with Kynol Fiber Corners. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,ASME Spiral Wound Gasket.
• glass-to-glass,Exhaust Spiral Wound Gaskets. Also,Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets,Nuclear Spiral Wound Gasket.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Kynol Fiber Packing

graphite gasket, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Carbonized Fiber Packing with Graphite. The rope-Carbonized Fiber Packing.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-graphite gasket.teflon ring gasket.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Corrugated Graphite Tapes, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Braided Graphite Tube.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)PTFE Joint Sealant.Joint Sealant Flange Gasket.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Expanded PTFE Products. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)eptfe.ptfe joint sealant tape, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Graphite Packing With PTFE Impregnated.

The Future

Corrugated Graphite Tapes,CGFO Packing's fastest-growing fiber.Kynol Fiber Packing. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Standard Spiral Wound Gasket, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Spiral Wound Gaskets, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.