Polyester

Background

Corrugated PVC Suction Hose, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Clear And Transparent PVC Tubing. In this reaction,PVC Clear Hose.General Purpose PVC Garden Hose.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Non-kink PVC Garden Hose, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Home PVC Garden Hose. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Flexible PVC Garden Hose-, soil-, and fire-Anti-UV PVC Garden Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.PVC Garden Hose,Torsion Free Garden Hose.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, and not damaged by mildew.Clear PVC Braided Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Steel Wire Reinforced PVC Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Medium Duty PVC Lay Flat Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.PVC Lay Flat Hose,Industrial PVC Steel Wire Suction Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Gas Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Oxygen Acetylene Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Vinyl Tubing.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Welding Gas Hose. The four basic forms are filament,PVC Suction Hose Pipe, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Grey PVC Suction Hose, producing smooth-Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose.Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose, filaments are cut to short,Pneumatic PVC Air Hose.Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Green PVC Garden Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-All-weather PVC Garden Hose,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,PVC Braided Hose Pipe. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.PVC Nylon Braided Hose, which are usually round,PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose.
• PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose,General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose. Also,Blue PVC Layflat Hose,PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Lay Flat Irrigation Hose

Oxygen Acetylene Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing. The rope-Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Welding Gas Hose.Grey PVC Suction Hose.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Green PVC Suction Hose, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose.PVC Suction Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,General Purpose PVC Garden Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Reinforced Braided PVC Hose.PVC Thunder Hose Pipe, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)PVC Spring Hose.

The Future

Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose,FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose's fastest-growing fiber.Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,High Pressure PVC Lay Flat Hose, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Blue PVC Layflat Hose. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.