Polyester

Background

Car Freezer, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Upright Ultra Low Temperature Freezer . In this reaction,Small Deep Low Temperature Freezer .Upright Ultra Low Temperature Freezer .

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Ultra Low Cryogenic Freezer , computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Ultra Deep Cold Temperature Freezer . It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Cold Medical Freezer-, soil-, and fire-Ultra Low Temperature Medical Freezer . Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Upright Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer,Mini Chest Deep Low Temp Refrigerator.So-cold Temp Medical Freezer, and not damaged by mildew.Chest Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Temperature Controlled Shakers. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,2-8 Degrees Glass Door Pharmacy Vaccine Refrigerator, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Visible Display Pharmacy Refrigerator . The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Mini Display Pharmacy Refrigerator ,Small Display Pharmacy Refrigerator . Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Display Medical Refrigerator, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Display Vaccine Refrigerator .

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Big Vaccine Refrigerator . In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Vaccine Refrigerator.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge . The four basic forms are filament,Glass Door Display Fridge , tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Big Display Fridge , producing smooth-Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator .Display Blood Bank Refrigerator , filaments are cut to short,Big Blood Bank Refrigerator .Medical Refrigerator. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer,Hit Anchor, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Shield Anchor. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor, which are usually round,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Hollow Wall Anchor.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin.
• Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut,Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes. Also,Coupling Nut,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip

Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling. The rope-Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Drop in Anchor.Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Chemical Anchor.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook.Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip.

The Future

Protective Horse Rubber Boots,Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots's fastest-growing fiber.High Neck Bell Boots For Horse. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Horse Rubber Bell Boots, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Horse Rubber Parts. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Custom Rubber Gaskets, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.