Polyester

Background

Green PVC Garden Hose, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,All-weather PVC Garden Hose. In this reaction,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose.PVC Braided Hose Pipe.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,PVC Nylon Braided Hose, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose-, soil-, and fire-Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose,PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose.General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose, and not damaged by mildew.Blue PVC Layflat Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Lay Flat Irrigation Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Oxygen Acetylene Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing,Welding Gas Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Grey PVC Suction Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Green PVC Suction Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.PVC Suction Hose. The four basic forms are filament,General Purpose PVC Garden Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, producing smooth-PVC Thunder Hose Pipe.PVC Spring Hose, filaments are cut to short,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose.FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-High Pressure PVC Lay Flat Hose,Blue PVC Layflat Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose, which are usually round,PVC Lay Flat Discharge Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Sunny Layflat Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,C19400. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,nickel silver alloy.
• silver points,Steel rivets. Also,Aluminum rivets,copper rivets.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

AgCdO Bimetal rivet

AgCdO contact, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,CNC Parts. The rope-CuBe2 Beryllium Copper Strip.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-CuBe2 Beryllium Copper.C17200 Beryllium Copper Strip.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,C17200 Beryllium Copper, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Beryllium Copper.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)CuSn6 Phosphor Bronze Strip.C51900 Bronze Strip.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,C51000 Bronze Strip. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)CuSn5 Phosphor Bronze Strip.C5100 Bronze Strip, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)C28000 Brass Strip.

The Future

H63 Brass Strip Coil,C27000 CuZn35 Brass's fastest-growing fiber.H65 Brass Strip Coil. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,C26000 CuZn30 Brass Strip, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,H80 Brass Strip Coil. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.C22000 CuZn10 Brass Strip, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.