Polyester

Background

Mini Chest Deep Low Temp Refrigerator, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,So-cold Temp Medical Freezer. In this reaction,Chest Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer.Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Temperature Controlled Shakers, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.2-8 Degrees Glass Door Pharmacy Vaccine Refrigerator. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Visible Display Pharmacy Refrigerator -, soil-, and fire-Mini Display Pharmacy Refrigerator . Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Small Display Pharmacy Refrigerator ,Display Medical Refrigerator.Display Vaccine Refrigerator , and not damaged by mildew.Big Vaccine Refrigerator , nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Vaccine Refrigerator-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge . This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Glass Door Display Fridge , the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Big Display Fridge . The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator ,Display Blood Bank Refrigerator . Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Big Blood Bank Refrigerator , though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Medical Refrigerator.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Hit Anchor. The four basic forms are filament,Shield Anchor, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor, producing smooth-Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook.Hollow Wall Anchor, filaments are cut to short,Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail.Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes,Coupling Nut, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip, which are usually round,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Drop in Anchor.
• Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor. Also,Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor,Chemical Anchor.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer

Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook. The rope-Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip.Protective Horse Rubber Boots.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).High Neck Bell Boots For Horse.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Horse Rubber Bell Boots.Horse Rubber Parts.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Custom Rubber Gaskets. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Rubber Dust Cover.Gear Shift Lever Boot, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Auto Rubber Engine Mounting.

The Future

Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting,Automotive Rubber Bushings's fastest-growing fiber.Stabilizer Rubber Bushing. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Rubber To Metal Bonding Bushings, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Rubber Bushing. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Automotive Rubber Parts, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.