Polyester

Background

Dehumidifying and Drying System, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Dehumidification Drying Feeder. In this reaction,Dehumidifier.Low Speed Granulators.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Middle Speed Granulators, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Strong Granulators. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Vertical Color Mixer-, soil-, and fire-Central Conveying System. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Mixer,Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based.Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based, and not damaged by mildew.Central Chiller Dual Machine, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Heating and Cooling, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Detachable Type Autoloader,European Type Hopper Dryers. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Dehumidification Drying Feeder, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Dehumidifying and Drying System.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Cabinet Dryer.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Central Material Handling System. The four basic forms are filament,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,European Type Hopper Dryer, producing smooth-Hot Air Dryer.HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer, filaments are cut to short,Hopper Dryer.Dehumidifying and Drying. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Manganese Gluconate.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Copper Gluconate,Zinc Gluconate, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Magnesium Gluconate. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Potassium Gluconate, which are usually round,Magnesium Lactate. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Zinc Lactate.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Ferrous Lactate. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Potassium Citrate.
• Calcium Citrate,Ferric Sulphate. Also,Magnesium Chloride,Calcium Chloride.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Magnesium Carbonate

Minerals, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Freshener Blends. The rope-Solidification Stabilizer Blends.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Defoamer Blends.Bleaching Agent Blends.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Emulsifers Blends, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Acidity Regulator Blends.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Preservatives Blends.Antioxidants Blends.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Curing Agent For Meat. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Water Holding Agent For Surimi Product.Water Holding Agent For Fish Fillet, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Leavening Agent Blends.

The Future

Water Holding Agent Blends,Emulsifying Thickners Blends's fastest-growing fiber.Thickners Blends. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Baking Powder For Deep-fried Dough Sticks, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Baking Powder For Noodles. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Vegetarian Meat Meal, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.