Polyester

Background

Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer. In this reaction,Hit Anchor.Shield Anchor.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Hollow Wall Anchor-, soil-, and fire-Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin,Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut.Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes, and not damaged by mildew.Coupling Nut, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling,Drop in Anchor. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Chemical Anchor.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer. The four basic forms are filament,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook, producing smooth-Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip, filaments are cut to short,Protective Horse Rubber Boots.Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.High Neck Bell Boots For Horse.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Horse Rubber Bell Boots,Horse Rubber Parts, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Custom Rubber Gaskets. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Rubber Dust Cover, which are usually round,Gear Shift Lever Boot. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Auto Rubber Engine Mounting.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Automotive Rubber Bushings.
• Stabilizer Rubber Bushing,Rubber To Metal Bonding Bushings. Also,Rubber Bushing,Automotive Rubber Parts.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Silicone Rubber Rollers

Rubber Coated Rollers, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Non-Slip Rubber Feet. The rope-Anti Abrasion Rubber Bumpers.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Rubber Bumpers.Square Rubber Grommets.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Custom Molded Rubber Parts, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Compression Molding Custom Rubber Parts.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Extrusion Molding Custom Rubber Parts.Custom Neoprene Rubber Products.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Custom Rubber Parts Anti-Slip Handle Grip. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)EPDM Rubber Sheets.Rubber Parts, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Custom Rubber Parts.

The Future

Color Plexiglass Sheet For Making Furnitures,Transparent Plexiglass Sheet For LED Display's fastest-growing fiber.Plexiglass Sheet. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Pure Raw Materials Color Extruded Acrylic Sheet, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Extruded Acrylic Sheet. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Transparent PMMA Sheet For Making Face Shields, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.