Polyester

Background

Home Use Aluminum Alloy Pipe Thermometer, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Thermometer. In this reaction,Electrical Motor Accessories For Heat Powered Stove Fan.Accessories for Stove Fan.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,DY804 - Stylish Free Standing Eight Blade Dual Head Stove Fan, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.DY803 - Stylish Free Standing Six Blade Dual Head Stove Fan. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;DY504- Stylish Free Standing Four Blade Mini Stove Fan-, soil-, and fire-DY3006X - Magnetic / Wall-Mounted Reinforced Six Blade Butterfly Style Fin. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.DY3005X - Magnetic / Wall-Mounted Reinforced Five Blade Butterfly Style Fin,DY2005X - Magnetic / Wall-Mounted Reinforced Five Blade Flower Style Fin.DY2004X - Magnetic / Wall-Mounted Reinforced Four Blade Flower Style Fin, and not damaged by mildew.DY1006X - Magnetic / Wall-Mounted Reinforced Six Blade Classic Style Fin, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,DY1005X - Magnetic / Wall-Mounted Reinforced Five Blade Classic Style Fin-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Magnetic / Wall-Mounted Stove Fan. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,DY305X - Reinforced Five Blade Traditional Free Standing Butterfly Style Fin, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,DY302 - Two Blade Traditional Free Standing Butterfly Style Fin. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.DY205X - Reinforced Five Blade Traditional Free Standing Flower Style Fin,DY204X - Reinforced Four Blade Traditional Free Standing Flower Style Fin. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.DY204 - Four Blade Traditional Free Standing Flower Style Fin, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.DY202 - Two Blade Traditional Free Standing Flower Style Fin.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,DY104X - Reinforced Four Blade Traditional Free Standing Classic Style Fin. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,DY104 - Four Blade Traditional Free Standing Classic Style Fin.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Traditional Free Standing Stove Fan. The four basic forms are filament,IPS emax press, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,zirconia crown, producing smooth-all ceramic bridge.Splints, filaments are cut to short,Twin Blocks.Full Cast Crown. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Schwarz Eexpanders.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Schwarz,Sagittal Screw Appliance, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Expander. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Rapid Palatal Expander, which are usually round,Quad Helix Appliance. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Quad Helix.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Begg Retainer. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Malo Bridge.
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Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Lingual Arch Space Maintainer

Fixed Appliance, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Occlusal Splint. The rope-Gelb Splint.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Mouth Guard.Spring Appliance.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Frankel Appliance, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Habit Appliance.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Anterior Bite Plane.Activator.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Bionator Appliance. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Twin Blocks.Functional Appliances, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Screw Expander Appliance.

The Future

Rapid Maxillary Expansion,Quad Helix Appliance's fastest-growing fiber.Pendulum Appliance. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Rapid Palatal Expander, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Haas Palatal Expander. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Hawley Retainer, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.