Polyester

Background

eptfe, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,ptfe joint sealant tape. In this reaction,Graphite Packing With PTFE Impregnated.Corrugated Graphite Tapes.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,CGFO Packing, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Kynol Fiber Packing. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Standard Spiral Wound Gasket-, soil-, and fire-Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Spiral Wound Gaskets,CGFO Packing.Graphite Die Formed Rings, and not damaged by mildew.Graphite Die-formed Rings, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Graphite Fiber Braided Gland Packing-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Graphite PTFE Filament Packing. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Expanded PTFE Spiral Wound Gasket Filler Material, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,PTFE Yarn. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.PTFE Porous Membrane,PTFE Membranes. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Expanded PTFE Sheet, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.PTFE Sheets.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,PTFE Packing. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Expanded PTFE Gasket.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Pipe Thread Sealing Cord. The four basic forms are filament,PTFE Gaskets, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Tanged Metal Reinforced Graphite Gasket, producing smooth-Tanged Metal Reinforced Graphite Gasket.Graphite Gasket Reinforced With Metal Mesh, filaments are cut to short,Graphite Gasket Reinforced With Metal Foil.Pure Expanded Graphite Gasket. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Pure Expanded Graphite Gasket.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Sintered Neodymium Iron Boron NdFeB Magnets,Industrial Magnets, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Oil Filter Magnets. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Magnetic Filtration, which are usually round,Magnetic DC Electric Motors. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Magnetic Separation.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Magnetic Hook Set. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Sintered Neodymium Magnetic Hook Assembly.
• Pot Magnet Assemblies,Rare Earth Powerful Permanent NdFeB Neodymium Magnet with Hole. Also,Strong Neodymium Magnets,Block Strong Neodymium Magnets.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Irregular Shape Neodymium Magnets

Rare Earth Permanent Magnets, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Permanent Magnet Rotors. The rope-Cotton Tape.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-High Density Double Sided Cloth Tape.Construction Tape.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Cloth Tapes, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Strong Based Double Sided Tape.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)High Density Double Sided Rubber Cloth Tape.PET Tape.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Oily Double Sided Tape. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Double Sided Tape For Embroidery.Double Sided Tapes, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)House Decoration Masking Tape.

The Future

Wig Tape,Plastic Spraying Tape's fastest-growing fiber.Masking Tapes. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Printed Packing Tape, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Printing Tape. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Grid Kraft Tape, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.