Polyester

Background

Sphygmomanometers, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Non-contact Digital Thermometer. In this reaction,Diagnostics.Endotracheal Tube.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Nasopharyngeal Airway, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Anesthesia Supplies. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Yank-, soil-, and fire-Surgery Supplies. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Zinc Oxide Plaster,Alcohol Swabs.Wound Dressing, and not damaged by mildew.Paraffin Gauze, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,KN95 Protective Mask-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Disposable Protective Mask. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Isolation Gown, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Nonwoven Disposables. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Blood Bag,Leukocyte Reduction Filter. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Single Double Triple Lumen Hemodialysis Catheter Kit, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Disposable Syringe.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Insulin Syringe. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Hypodermic Needles.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Crepe Bandage. The four basic forms are filament,Plaster Of Paris Bandage, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,PBT Bandage, producing smooth-Cotton Wool Roll.Zigzag Cotton, filaments are cut to short,Cotton Roll.Medical Cotton. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Gauze Balls.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Lap Sponges,Urinary Catheter, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Urinary Leg Bag. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Nebulizer Mask, which are usually round,Venturi Mask. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Resuscitator.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Nelaton Catheter. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Oxygen Mask With Reservoir Bagen.
• Rectal Tube,Silicone Laryngeal Mask. Also,Respiratory Care,Shower Accessories.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Classic Shower Set

Flat Shower Set, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Stainless Steel Chrome-plated Shower Set. The rope-Classic Electroplating Shower Set.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Retractable Round Shower Rod Set.Round Shower Set.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Round Shower Rail, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Shower Rail.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Stainless Steel Polished Shower Hose.S.S. Shower Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Shower Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Ultra-thin Overhead Shower.Classic Round Head Shower, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Large Round Head Shower.

The Future

ABS Plastic Round Head Shower,Classic Plating Overhead Shower's fastest-growing fiber.Waterfall Head Shower. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Electroplating Square Head Shower, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Yellow Square Head Shower. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Temperature Control LED Shower Head, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.