Polyester

Background

Central Conveying System, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Central Chiller -Single. In this reaction,Water Cooled Chillers.Dual Mold Temperature Controller- Oil Based.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,One Piece Complete Autoloader, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Detachable Type Autoloader. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Cabinet Dryer-, soil-, and fire-Mold Dehumidifying Dryer. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine,Dehumidifying and Drying System.Dehumidification Drying Feeder, and not damaged by mildew.Dehumidifier, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Low Speed Granulators-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Middle Speed Granulators. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Strong Granulators, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Vertical Color Mixer. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Central Conveying System,Mixer. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Central Chiller Dual Machine. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller. The four basic forms are filament,Heating and Cooling, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders, producing smooth-Detachable Type Autoloader.European Type Hopper Dryers, filaments are cut to short,Dehumidification Drying Feeder.Dehumidifying and Drying System. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Cabinet Dryer,Central Material Handling System, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.European Type Hopper Dryer, which are usually round,Hot Air Dryer. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Hopper Dryer. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Dehumidifying and Drying.
• Manganese Gluconate,Copper Gluconate. Also,Zinc Gluconate,Magnesium Gluconate.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Potassium Gluconate

Magnesium Lactate, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Zinc Lactate. The rope-Ferrous Lactate.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Potassium Citrate.Calcium Citrate.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Ferric Sulphate, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Magnesium Chloride.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Calcium Chloride.Magnesium Carbonate.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Minerals. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Freshener Blends.Solidification Stabilizer Blends, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Defoamer Blends.

The Future

Bleaching Agent Blends,Emulsifers Blends's fastest-growing fiber.Acidity Regulator Blends. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Preservatives Blends, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Antioxidants Blends. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Curing Agent For Meat, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.