Polyester

Background

Lay Flat Irrigation Hose, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Oxygen Acetylene Hose. In this reaction,Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing.Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Welding Gas Hose, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Grey PVC Suction Hose. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Green PVC Suction Hose-, soil-, and fire-Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose,PVC Suction Hose.General Purpose PVC Garden Hose, and not damaged by mildew.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,PVC Thunder Hose Pipe-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.PVC Spring Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose,High Pressure PVC Lay Flat Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Blue PVC Layflat Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,PVC Lay Flat Discharge Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Sunny Layflat Hose. The four basic forms are filament,C19400, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,nickel silver alloy, producing smooth-silver points.Steel rivets, filaments are cut to short,Aluminum rivets.copper rivets. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.AgCdO Bimetal rivet.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-AgCdO contact,CNC Parts, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,CuBe2 Beryllium Copper Strip. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.CuBe2 Beryllium Copper, which are usually round,C17200 Beryllium Copper Strip. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,C17200 Beryllium Copper.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Beryllium Copper. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,CuSn6 Phosphor Bronze Strip.
• C51900 Bronze Strip,C51000 Bronze Strip. Also,CuSn5 Phosphor Bronze Strip,C5100 Bronze Strip.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

C28000 Brass Strip

H63 Brass Strip Coil, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,C27000 CuZn35 Brass. The rope-H65 Brass Strip Coil.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-C26000 CuZn30 Brass Strip.H80 Brass Strip Coil.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,C22000 CuZn10 Brass Strip, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).C22000 Brass Strip.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Brass Strip.C75200 Copper Nickel Zinc Strip.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,C7701 C7521 Nickel Silver Strip. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Copper Nickel Zinc.Nickel Silver Strip, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Nickel Plated Copper Strip.

The Future

PCB Copper,Copper Clad's fastest-growing fiber.Silver Onlay Brass Strip. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Silver Onlay, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Silver Clad Copper Strip. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Silver Clad, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.