Polyester

Background

Packaging For Sunglasses, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Spectacle Frame Box. In this reaction,Black Sunglasses Case Packaging.Sunglasses Product Packaging.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Paper Packaging Box For Eyeglasses Frames, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Corrugated PVC Suction Hose. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Clear And Transparent PVC Tubing-, soil-, and fire-PVC Clear Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.General Purpose PVC Garden Hose,Non-kink PVC Garden Hose.Home PVC Garden Hose, and not damaged by mildew.Flexible PVC Garden Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Anti-UV PVC Garden Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.PVC Garden Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Torsion Free Garden Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Clear PVC Braided Hose,Steel Wire Reinforced PVC Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Medium Duty PVC Lay Flat Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,PVC Lay Flat Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Industrial PVC Steel Wire Suction Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Gas Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose, producing smooth-Oxygen Acetylene Hose.Vinyl Tubing, filaments are cut to short,Welding Gas Hose.PVC Suction Hose Pipe. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Grey PVC Suction Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose,Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Pneumatic PVC Air Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose, which are usually round,Green PVC Garden Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,All-weather PVC Garden Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,PVC Braided Hose Pipe.
• PVC Nylon Braided Hose,PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose. Also,Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose,Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose

PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose. The rope-Blue PVC Layflat Hose.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose.Lay Flat Irrigation Hose.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Oxygen Acetylene Hose, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing.Welding Gas Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Grey PVC Suction Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Green PVC Suction Hose.Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose.

The Future

PVC Suction Hose,General Purpose PVC Garden Hose's fastest-growing fiber.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,PVC Thunder Hose Pipe, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,PVC Spring Hose. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.