Polyester

Background

Minerals, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Freshener Blends. In this reaction,Solidification Stabilizer Blends.Defoamer Blends.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Bleaching Agent Blends, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Emulsifers Blends. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Acidity Regulator Blends-, soil-, and fire-Preservatives Blends. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Antioxidants Blends,Curing Agent For Meat.Water Holding Agent For Surimi Product, and not damaged by mildew.Water Holding Agent For Fish Fillet, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Leavening Agent Blends-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Water Holding Agent Blends. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Emulsifying Thickners Blends, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Thickners Blends. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Baking Powder For Deep-fried Dough Sticks,Baking Powder For Noodles. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Vegetarian Meat Meal, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Fat Replacement Powder.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Carrageenan For Tumbling And Marinated. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Aluminium Phosphate.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Zinc Metaphosphate. The four basic forms are filament,Diammonium Phosphate, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Zinc Phosphate, producing smooth-Boron Phosphate.Aluminium Dihydrogen Phosphate, filaments are cut to short,Ammonium Metaphosphate.Sodium Metaphosphate. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Specialty Phosphates.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Ferric Orthophosphate,Potassium Metaphosphate, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Dipotassium Phosphate. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Potassium Phosphates, which are usually round,Sodium Trimetaphosphate. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Sodium Hexametaphosphate.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Trisodium Pyrophosphate. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Trisodium Phosphate.
• Disodium Phosphate,Monosodium Phosphate. Also,Tricalcium Phosphate,Monocalcium Phosphate.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Calcium Phosphates

Phosphates, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Evenly heated. The rope-smokeless.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-H2 Series 720P Small Size Hard Disk Mobile Digital Video Recorder.H5 Series 1080P Single-Ding Mobile DVR.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,S3 Series 1080P SD Card Mobile DVR, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Long Lasting Waterproof Eyeliner Gel.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Waterproof Long Lasting Eyeliner.Eyeliner.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Moisturizing Essence Rose Water. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Skin Care.2 in 1 cream and liquid foundation, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Ampoule Cushion Foundation.

The Future

Perfect Coverage Foundation Cream,Brightening Liquid Foundation's fastest-growing fiber.Zero Pores Separation Cream. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Brightening Liquid Highlighter, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,long lasting Lip Gloss. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Flattering Face Blush, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.