Polyester

Background

POE Rain Umbrella, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Portable Pocket Super Mini 3 Section Rain Umbrella. In this reaction,Cartoon Printing Super Mini 3 section Rain Umbrella.Black Compact Super Mini 3 Section Rain Umbrella.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Super Mini Umbrella, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Promotional Manual Open Golf Umbrella. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Manual Open Golf Umbrella-, soil-, and fire-Polyester Fabric Animal Children Umbrella. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.POE Animal Children Umbrella,Fiberglass Long Automatic Children Umbrella.POE Long Automatic Children Umbrella, and not damaged by mildew.EVA Print Children Umbrella, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Manual Open Adult Wooden Stick Umbrella-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Rainbow Adult Stick Automatic Umbrella. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Special Rainbow Edge Long Adult Stick Umbrella, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Double Layer Special Adult Stick Umbrella. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Automatic Long Stick Rain Umbrellas,Gent Folding Super Mini Manual Open Umbrella. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Folding Manual Open Umbrella, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Wooden Two Folding Automatic Golf Umbrella.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Folding Umbrella. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Natural Cork Composition Sheets.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Cork and Nitrile Rubber sheets. The four basic forms are filament,Farmhouse Large Decorative Wall Clocks, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Pallet Wood Barn Farmhouse Wall Clock, producing smooth-Black Windmill Wall Hook.Inspired Home Windmill Decor Wall Hooks, filaments are cut to short,Windmill Metal Wall Decor with Hook.Quartz Decorative Wall Clock. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Multi-size Home Office Large Wall Clock.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-12 Inch Printed Face Wall Clock,Christmas Wood and Metal Crafts, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Fall-wood and Metal Crafts. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Bird House Spring Wood Planter, which are usually round,Distressed Wood Slat Wall Mirror. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Large Windmill Home Decoration Wall Hook.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Vintage Look White Wash Metal Frame Wood Cabinet Storage With 6 Drawers. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Vintage Look Cabinet.
• Cabinet with 6 Drawers,Furniture. Also,Metal Planter Tray With Handles,Antique Metal Planter Pot with Stands Décor.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Metal Planter

Rectangular MDF Wood Planter, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Square Mdf Wood Planter. The rope-Geometric Wood Planter.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Antique Distressed Color Wood Planter.Graphite PTFE Yarn.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Multiple PTFE Filament Yarn, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).PTFE Packing with Kynol Fiber Corners.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)ASME Spiral Wound Gasket.glass-to-glass.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Exhaust Spiral Wound Gaskets. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets.Nuclear Spiral Wound Gasket, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Kynol Fiber Packing.

The Future

graphite gasket,Carbonized Fiber Packing with Graphite's fastest-growing fiber.Carbonized Fiber Packing. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,graphite gasket, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,teflon ring gasket. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Corrugated Graphite Tapes, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.