Polyester

Background

Central Material Handling System, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine. In this reaction,NZK Vacuum Dryer.Hopper Dryer.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Low Noise Plastic Granulator, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Strong Granulators. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Middle Speed Plastic Granulator-, soil-, and fire-Gravimetric Dosing and Mixing Unit. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Color Dose Mixer,Central Conveying System.Central Chiller -Single, and not damaged by mildew.Water Cooled Chillers, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Dual Mold Temperature Controller- Oil Based-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.One Piece Complete Autoloader. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Detachable Type Autoloader, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Cabinet Dryer. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Mold Dehumidifying Dryer,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Dehumidifying and Drying System, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Dehumidification Drying Feeder.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Dehumidifier. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Low Speed Granulators.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Middle Speed Granulators. The four basic forms are filament,Strong Granulators, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Vertical Color Mixer, producing smooth-Central Conveying System.Mixer, filaments are cut to short,Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based.Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Central Chiller Dual Machine.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine,TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Heating and Cooling. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders, which are usually round,Detachable Type Autoloader. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,European Type Hopper Dryers.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Dehumidification Drying Feeder. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Dehumidifying and Drying System.
• Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery,Cabinet Dryer. Also,Central Material Handling System,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

European Type Hopper Dryer

Hot Air Dryer, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer. The rope-Hopper Dryer.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Dehumidifying and Drying.Manganese Gluconate.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Copper Gluconate, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Zinc Gluconate.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Magnesium Gluconate.Potassium Gluconate.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Magnesium Lactate. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Zinc Lactate.Ferrous Lactate, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Potassium Citrate.

The Future

Calcium Citrate,Ferric Sulphate's fastest-growing fiber.Magnesium Chloride. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Calcium Chloride, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Magnesium Carbonate. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Minerals, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.