Polyester

Background

Ultra Deep Cold Temperature Freezer , air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Cold Medical Freezer. In this reaction,Ultra Low Temperature Medical Freezer .Upright Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Mini Chest Deep Low Temp Refrigerator, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.So-cold Temp Medical Freezer. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Chest Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer-, soil-, and fire-Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Temperature Controlled Shakers,2-8 Degrees Glass Door Pharmacy Vaccine Refrigerator.Visible Display Pharmacy Refrigerator , and not damaged by mildew.Mini Display Pharmacy Refrigerator , nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Small Display Pharmacy Refrigerator -based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Display Medical Refrigerator. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Display Vaccine Refrigerator , the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Big Vaccine Refrigerator . The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Vaccine Refrigerator,Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge . Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Glass Door Display Fridge , though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Big Display Fridge .

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator . In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Display Blood Bank Refrigerator .

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Big Blood Bank Refrigerator . The four basic forms are filament,Medical Refrigerator, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut, producing smooth-Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer.Hit Anchor, filaments are cut to short,Shield Anchor.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Hollow Wall Anchor,Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut, which are usually round,Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Coupling Nut.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip.
• Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling,Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling. Also,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling,Drop in Anchor.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer

Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor. The rope-Chemical Anchor.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip.Protective Horse Rubber Boots.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)High Neck Bell Boots For Horse.Horse Rubber Bell Boots, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Horse Rubber Parts.

The Future

Custom Rubber Gaskets,Rubber Dust Cover's fastest-growing fiber.Gear Shift Lever Boot. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Auto Rubber Engine Mounting, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Automotive Rubber Bushings, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.