Polyester

Background

Black Sunglasses Case Packaging, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Sunglasses Product Packaging. In this reaction,Paper Packaging Box For Eyeglasses Frames.Corrugated PVC Suction Hose.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Clear And Transparent PVC Tubing, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.PVC Clear Hose. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;General Purpose PVC Garden Hose-, soil-, and fire-Non-kink PVC Garden Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Home PVC Garden Hose,Flexible PVC Garden Hose.Anti-UV PVC Garden Hose, and not damaged by mildew.PVC Garden Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Torsion Free Garden Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Clear PVC Braided Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Steel Wire Reinforced PVC Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose,Medium Duty PVC Lay Flat Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.PVC Lay Flat Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Industrial PVC Steel Wire Suction Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Gas Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Oxygen Acetylene Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Vinyl Tubing, producing smooth-Welding Gas Hose.PVC Suction Hose Pipe, filaments are cut to short,Grey PVC Suction Hose.Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Pneumatic PVC Air Hose,Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Green PVC Garden Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.All-weather PVC Garden Hose, which are usually round,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,PVC Braided Hose Pipe.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,PVC Nylon Braided Hose. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose.
• Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose,Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose. Also,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose,PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose

Blue PVC Layflat Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose. The rope-Lay Flat Irrigation Hose.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Oxygen Acetylene Hose.Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Welding Gas Hose.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Grey PVC Suction Hose.Green PVC Suction Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose.PVC Suction Hose, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)General Purpose PVC Garden Hose.

The Future

Reinforced Braided PVC Hose,PVC Thunder Hose Pipe's fastest-growing fiber.PVC Spring Hose. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.