Polyester

Background

Glass Door Display Fridge , air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Big Display Fridge . In this reaction,Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator .Display Blood Bank Refrigerator .

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Big Blood Bank Refrigerator , computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Medical Refrigerator. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut-, soil-, and fire-Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Hit Anchor,Shield Anchor.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor, and not damaged by mildew.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Hollow Wall Anchor-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes,Coupling Nut. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling. The four basic forms are filament,Drop in Anchor, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer, producing smooth-Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor.Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor, filaments are cut to short,Chemical Anchor.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook,Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Protective Horse Rubber Boots, which are usually round,Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,High Neck Bell Boots For Horse.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Horse Rubber Bell Boots. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Horse Rubber Parts.
• Custom Rubber Gaskets,Rubber Dust Cover. Also,Gear Shift Lever Boot,Auto Rubber Engine Mounting.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting

Automotive Rubber Bushings, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Stabilizer Rubber Bushing. The rope-Rubber To Metal Bonding Bushings.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Rubber Bushing.Automotive Rubber Parts.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Silicone Rubber Rollers, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Rubber Coated Rollers.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Non-Slip Rubber Feet.Anti Abrasion Rubber Bumpers.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Rubber Bumpers. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Square Rubber Grommets.Custom Molded Rubber Parts, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Compression Molding Custom Rubber Parts.

The Future

Extrusion Molding Custom Rubber Parts,Custom Neoprene Rubber Products's fastest-growing fiber.Custom Rubber Parts Anti-Slip Handle Grip. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,EPDM Rubber Sheets, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Rubber Parts. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Custom Rubber Parts, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.