Polyester

Background

Printed Polyester Fiber Acoustic Panel, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Soundproof Polyester Fiber Acoustic Panels. In this reaction,Polyester Acoustic Panel.Double Layer Inverted Umbrellas Reverse Folding Umbrella Windproof.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Cartoon printing super mini 3 section rain umbrella, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Cartoon Animal Children Umbrellas. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Inverted Umbrella Double Layer Reverse Windproof-, soil-, and fire-Kids Clear And Transparent POE Umbrella. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.POE Animal Children Kids Umbrella,Long Clear POE Rain Umbrella.POE Rain Umbrella, and not damaged by mildew.Portable Pocket Super Mini 3 Section Rain Umbrella, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Cartoon Printing Super Mini 3 section Rain Umbrella-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Black Compact Super Mini 3 Section Rain Umbrella. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Super Mini Umbrella, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Promotional Manual Open Golf Umbrella. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Manual Open Golf Umbrella,Polyester Fabric Animal Children Umbrella. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.POE Animal Children Umbrella, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Fiberglass Long Automatic Children Umbrella.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,POE Long Automatic Children Umbrella. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,EVA Print Children Umbrella.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Manual Open Adult Wooden Stick Umbrella. The four basic forms are filament,Rainbow Adult Stick Automatic Umbrella, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Special Rainbow Edge Long Adult Stick Umbrella, producing smooth-Double Layer Special Adult Stick Umbrella.Automatic Long Stick Rain Umbrellas, filaments are cut to short,Gent Folding Super Mini Manual Open Umbrella.Folding Manual Open Umbrella. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Wooden Two Folding Automatic Golf Umbrella.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Folding Umbrella,Natural Cork Composition Sheets, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Cork and Nitrile Rubber sheets. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Farmhouse Large Decorative Wall Clocks, which are usually round,Pallet Wood Barn Farmhouse Wall Clock. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Black Windmill Wall Hook.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Inspired Home Windmill Decor Wall Hooks. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Windmill Metal Wall Decor with Hook.
• Quartz Decorative Wall Clock,Multi-size Home Office Large Wall Clock. Also,12 Inch Printed Face Wall Clock,Christmas Wood and Metal Crafts.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Fall-wood and Metal Crafts

Bird House Spring Wood Planter, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Distressed Wood Slat Wall Mirror. The rope-Large Windmill Home Decoration Wall Hook.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Vintage Look White Wash Metal Frame Wood Cabinet Storage With 6 Drawers.Vintage Look Cabinet.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Cabinet with 6 Drawers, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Furniture.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Metal Planter Tray With Handles.Antique Metal Planter Pot with Stands Décor.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Metal Planter. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Rectangular MDF Wood Planter.Square Mdf Wood Planter, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Geometric Wood Planter.

The Future

Antique Distressed Color Wood Planter,Graphite PTFE Yarn's fastest-growing fiber.Multiple PTFE Filament Yarn. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,PTFE Packing with Kynol Fiber Corners, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,ASME Spiral Wound Gasket. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.glass-to-glass, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.