Polyester

Background

Upright Ultra Low Temperature Freezer , air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Small Deep Low Temperature Freezer . In this reaction,Upright Ultra Low Temperature Freezer .Ultra Low Cryogenic Freezer .

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Ultra Deep Cold Temperature Freezer , computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Cold Medical Freezer. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Ultra Low Temperature Medical Freezer -, soil-, and fire-Upright Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Mini Chest Deep Low Temp Refrigerator,So-cold Temp Medical Freezer.Chest Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer, and not damaged by mildew.Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Temperature Controlled Shakers-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.2-8 Degrees Glass Door Pharmacy Vaccine Refrigerator. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Visible Display Pharmacy Refrigerator , the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Mini Display Pharmacy Refrigerator . The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Small Display Pharmacy Refrigerator ,Display Medical Refrigerator. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Display Vaccine Refrigerator , though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Big Vaccine Refrigerator .

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Vaccine Refrigerator. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge .

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Glass Door Display Fridge . The four basic forms are filament,Big Display Fridge , tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator , producing smooth-Display Blood Bank Refrigerator .Big Blood Bank Refrigerator , filaments are cut to short,Medical Refrigerator.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Hit Anchor,Shield Anchor, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook, which are usually round,Hollow Wall Anchor. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut.
• Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes,Coupling Nut. Also,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling

Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling. The rope-Drop in Anchor.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Chemical Anchor.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Protective Horse Rubber Boots.

The Future

Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots,High Neck Bell Boots For Horse's fastest-growing fiber.Horse Rubber Bell Boots. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Horse Rubber Parts, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Custom Rubber Gaskets. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Rubber Dust Cover, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.