Polyester

Background

Caustic Soda CAS 1310-73-2, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,4-Aminophenol/Para-Aminophenol. In this reaction,Sodium Hydrosulphite CAS 7775-14-6.Calcium lignosulphonate.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Calcium Chloride Dihydrate Anhydrous, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Choline Chloride Silica. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Choline Chloride CAS.67-48-1-, soil-, and fire-Feed Additives. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Ferrous Gluconate CAS 299-29-6,Glucose Potassium CAS 299-27-4.Food-Acidifiers, and not damaged by mildew.Gelatin CAS 9000-70-8, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Food Thickener-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Lactose powder CAS 63-42-3. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Potassium Sorbate CAS 24634-61-5, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Sodium Benzoate CAS 532-32-1. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Ethyl Vanillin CAS 121-32-4,Grooving Machine for Spiral Wound Gasket Outer Ring. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Flat 304L or 316L Stainless Steel Strip Tape for Spiral Wound Gasket, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Flat 304L or 316L Stainless Steel Strip Tape for Spiral Wound Gasket.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,V-Shape 316L Stainless Steel Strip Tape for Spiral Wound Gasket. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,V-Shape 304 Stainless Steel Strip Tape for Spiral Wound Gasket.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Spiral Wound Gasket Ring Making machine. The four basic forms are filament,Expanded PTFE Tape For Spiral Wound Gasket, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Flexible Graphite Tape Filler For Making Spiral Wound Gasket, producing smooth-Crinkled Graphite Tape with adhesive.SS304 Stainless Steel Metal Strip Tape for Inner and Out Ring of Spiral wound gasket, filaments are cut to short,SS316 Stainless Steel Metal Strip Tape for Inner and Out Ring of Spiral wound gasket.Flat 304L or 316L Stainless Steel Strip Tape for Spiral Wound Gasket. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.V-Shape 316L Stainless Steel Strip Tape for Spiral Wound Gasket.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-V-Shape 304 Stainless Steel Strip Tape for Spiral Wound Gasket,V-Shape 316L Stainless Steel Strip Tape for Spiral Wound Gasket, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Crinkled Flexible Graphite Tape. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.V-Shape Stainless Steel Metallic Strip Tape for Spiral Wound Gasket, which are usually round,Full Automatic Camprofile Grooving Gasket Making Machine. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Camprofile Gasket Grooving Machine.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Automatic Argon Arc Metal Ring Joint Welding Machine. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Polishing Machine For Spiral Wound Gasket Metal Ring.
• Spiral Wound Gasket Outer Ring Grooving Machine,Full Automatic Spiral Wound Gasket Winding Machine. Also,Automatic Winding Machine For Making Spiral Wound Gasket,Small Size Winding Machine for Spiral Wound Gasket.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Deep Drawing Tooling

Copper Metal Spinning Spare Parts, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Progressive Die Stamping Process Parts. The rope-Progressive Die Stamping Riveting Parts.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Progressive Die Stamping Spare Parts.Progressive Die Stamping.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Single Die Stamping Spare Parts, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Single Die Metal Stamping Parts.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Single Die Stamping Drawing Parts.Single Die Metal Stamping Fabrication.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Single Die Stamping Riveting Parts. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Alloy Steel Sheet Metal Laser Cutting Spare Parts.Carbon Steel Sheet Metal Laser Cutting Components, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Sheet Metal Laser Cutting.

The Future

Bending Corrugated Sheet Metal Parts,Air Bending Sheet Metal Processing's fastest-growing fiber.Sheet Metal U Bending Components. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Sheet Metal Bending Process Components, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Bending Processing. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Aluminum Bending Sheet Metal Parts, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.