Polyester

Background

Low Noise Plastic Granulator, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Strong Granulators. In this reaction,Middle Speed Plastic Granulator.Gravimetric Dosing and Mixing Unit.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Color Dose Mixer, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Central Conveying System. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Central Chiller -Single-, soil-, and fire-Water Cooled Chillers. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Dual Mold Temperature Controller- Oil Based,One Piece Complete Autoloader.Detachable Type Autoloader, and not damaged by mildew.Cabinet Dryer, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Mold Dehumidifying Dryer-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Dehumidifying and Drying System, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Dehumidification Drying Feeder. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Dehumidifier,Low Speed Granulators. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Middle Speed Granulators, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Strong Granulators.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Vertical Color Mixer. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Central Conveying System.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Mixer. The four basic forms are filament,Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based, producing smooth-Central Chiller Dual Machine.TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine, filaments are cut to short,TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller.Heating and Cooling. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Detachable Type Autoloader,European Type Hopper Dryers, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Dehumidification Drying Feeder. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Dehumidifying and Drying System, which are usually round,Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Cabinet Dryer.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Central Material Handling System. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine.
• European Type Hopper Dryer,Hot Air Dryer. Also,HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer,Hopper Dryer.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Dehumidifying and Drying

Manganese Gluconate, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Copper Gluconate. The rope-Zinc Gluconate.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Magnesium Gluconate.Potassium Gluconate.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Magnesium Lactate, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Zinc Lactate.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Ferrous Lactate.Potassium Citrate.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Calcium Citrate. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Ferric Sulphate.Magnesium Chloride, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Calcium Chloride.

The Future

Magnesium Carbonate,Minerals's fastest-growing fiber.Freshener Blends. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Solidification Stabilizer Blends, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Defoamer Blends. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Bleaching Agent Blends, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.