Polyester

Background

Cabinet Dryer, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Mold Dehumidifying Dryer. In this reaction,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine.Dehumidifying and Drying System.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Dehumidification Drying Feeder, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Dehumidifier. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Low Speed Granulators-, soil-, and fire-Middle Speed Granulators. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Strong Granulators,Vertical Color Mixer.Central Conveying System, and not damaged by mildew.Mixer, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Central Chiller Dual Machine, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller,Heating and Cooling. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Detachable Type Autoloader.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,European Type Hopper Dryers. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Dehumidification Drying Feeder.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Dehumidifying and Drying System. The four basic forms are filament,Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Cabinet Dryer, producing smooth-Central Material Handling System.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine, filaments are cut to short,European Type Hopper Dryer.Hot Air Dryer. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Hopper Dryer,Dehumidifying and Drying, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Manganese Gluconate. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Copper Gluconate, which are usually round,Zinc Gluconate. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Magnesium Gluconate.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Potassium Gluconate. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Magnesium Lactate.
• Zinc Lactate,Ferrous Lactate. Also,Potassium Citrate,Calcium Citrate.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Ferric Sulphate

Magnesium Chloride, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Calcium Chloride. The rope-Magnesium Carbonate.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Minerals.Freshener Blends.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Solidification Stabilizer Blends, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Defoamer Blends.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Bleaching Agent Blends.Emulsifers Blends.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Acidity Regulator Blends. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Preservatives Blends.Antioxidants Blends, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Curing Agent For Meat.

The Future

Water Holding Agent For Surimi Product,Water Holding Agent For Fish Fillet's fastest-growing fiber.Leavening Agent Blends. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Water Holding Agent Blends, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Emulsifying Thickners Blends. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Thickners Blends, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.