Polyester

Background

CNC Machining Parts, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Machining Parts. In this reaction,Casting Machining.Precision Machining Parts.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Precision Machining, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Other Machining. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Custom CNC Hinge-, soil-, and fire-Mechanical Door Lock. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Machining Sleeve,Aluminum CNC Machining.Aluminum Keyboard Case, and not damaged by mildew.CNC Machined shell of mini desktop computer, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Disc Washer-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Precision Washer. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Gasket For Other Purposes, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Other Washer. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Curved Spring Washer,Spring Washer. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Size Flat Pad, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Aluminum Oxide Color Washer.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Machining Anti Theft Nut. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Butterfly Nut.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Knurled Nut. The four basic forms are filament,Brass Nut, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Diamond Nut, producing smooth-Four Grip Nut.Other Nuts, filaments are cut to short,Long Hexagon Nut.Slotted Hex Nut. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Hexagon Full Hole Slotted Insert Nut.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Hexagon Flange Nut with Anti Slip Teeth,Hexagon Socket Nut, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Hexagon Nut. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Hand Tightening Screw, which are usually round,Hand Screw. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Quincunx Slotted Round Head Screw.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Quincunx Slotted Cylindrical Head Screw. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Hexagon Socket Knurled Cylindrical Head Screw.
• Hexagon Socket Countersunk Head Screw,Hexagon Socket Machine Screw. Also,Slotted Round Head Screw,Slotting Machine Screw.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Screw

Long Bolt With Washer, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Multi Purpose Bolt. The rope-Anchor Bolt.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Eyebolt.Flower Basket Bolt.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Handle Cam Rod Bolt, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Other Bolts.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Hexagon Bolt With Intermediate.Hexagon Head Bolt.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Round Head Bolt. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)T-shaped Countersunk Head Bolt.Hexagon Socket Countersunk Head Bolt, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Cross Countersunk Head Bolt.

The Future

Countersunk Head Bolt,Bolt's fastest-growing fiber.300ML Electric adhesive dispensing gun. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Electric Adhesive Dispensing Gun, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Manual Adhesive Dispensing Gun. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.250ML Pneumatic Adhesive Dispenser Application, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.