Polyester

Background

Oxygen Concentrator, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Sphygmomanometers. In this reaction,Non-contact Digital Thermometer.Diagnostics.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Endotracheal Tube, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Nasopharyngeal Airway. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Anesthesia Supplies-, soil-, and fire-Yank. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Surgery Supplies,Zinc Oxide Plaster.Alcohol Swabs, and not damaged by mildew.Wound Dressing, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Paraffin Gauze-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.KN95 Protective Mask. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Disposable Protective Mask, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Isolation Gown. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Nonwoven Disposables,Blood Bag. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Leukocyte Reduction Filter, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Single Double Triple Lumen Hemodialysis Catheter Kit.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Disposable Syringe. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Insulin Syringe.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Hypodermic Needles. The four basic forms are filament,Crepe Bandage, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Plaster Of Paris Bandage, producing smooth-PBT Bandage.Cotton Wool Roll, filaments are cut to short,Zigzag Cotton.Cotton Roll. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Medical Cotton.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Gauze Balls,Lap Sponges, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Urinary Catheter. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Urinary Leg Bag, which are usually round,Nebulizer Mask. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Venturi Mask.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Resuscitator. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Nelaton Catheter.
• Oxygen Mask With Reservoir Bagen,Rectal Tube. Also,Silicone Laryngeal Mask,Respiratory Care.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Shower Accessories

Classic Shower Set, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Flat Shower Set. The rope-Stainless Steel Chrome-plated Shower Set.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Classic Electroplating Shower Set.Retractable Round Shower Rod Set.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Round Shower Set, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Round Shower Rail.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Shower Rail.Stainless Steel Polished Shower Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,S.S. Shower Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Shower Hose.Ultra-thin Overhead Shower, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Classic Round Head Shower.

The Future

Large Round Head Shower,ABS Plastic Round Head Shower's fastest-growing fiber.Classic Plating Overhead Shower. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Waterfall Head Shower, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Electroplating Square Head Shower. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Yellow Square Head Shower, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.