Polyester

Background

PVC Garden Hose, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Torsion Free Garden Hose. In this reaction,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose.Clear PVC Braided Hose.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Steel Wire Reinforced PVC Hose, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Medium Duty PVC Lay Flat Hose-, soil-, and fire-Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.PVC Lay Flat Hose,Industrial PVC Steel Wire Suction Hose.Gas Hose, and not damaged by mildew.Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Oxygen Acetylene Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Vinyl Tubing. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Welding Gas Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,PVC Suction Hose Pipe. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Grey PVC Suction Hose,Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Pneumatic PVC Air Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Green PVC Garden Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.All-weather PVC Garden Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,PVC Braided Hose Pipe, producing smooth-PVC Nylon Braided Hose.PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose, filaments are cut to short,Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose.Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose,General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Blue PVC Layflat Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose, which are usually round,Lay Flat Irrigation Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Oxygen Acetylene Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing.
• Welding Gas Hose,Grey PVC Suction Hose. Also,Green PVC Suction Hose,Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose

PVC Suction Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,General Purpose PVC Garden Hose. The rope-Reinforced Braided PVC Hose.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-PVC Thunder Hose Pipe.PVC Spring Hose.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose.High Pressure PVC Lay Flat Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Blue PVC Layflat Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose.Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)PVC Lay Flat Discharge Hose.

The Future

Sunny Layflat Hose,C19400's fastest-growing fiber.nickel silver alloy. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,silver points, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Steel rivets. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Aluminum rivets, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.