Polyester

Background

4 Degree Display Laboratory Refrigerator, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Laboratory Refrigerator. In this reaction,Deep Cryogenic Car Freezer.Deep Low Temp Car Freezer.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Portable Low Temp Car Freezer, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Low Temp Car Freezer. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Car Freezer-, soil-, and fire-Upright Ultra Low Temperature Freezer . Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Small Deep Low Temperature Freezer ,Upright Ultra Low Temperature Freezer .Ultra Low Cryogenic Freezer , and not damaged by mildew.Ultra Deep Cold Temperature Freezer , nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Cold Medical Freezer-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Ultra Low Temperature Medical Freezer . This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Upright Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Mini Chest Deep Low Temp Refrigerator. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.So-cold Temp Medical Freezer,Chest Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Temperature Controlled Shakers.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,2-8 Degrees Glass Door Pharmacy Vaccine Refrigerator. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Visible Display Pharmacy Refrigerator .

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Mini Display Pharmacy Refrigerator . The four basic forms are filament,Small Display Pharmacy Refrigerator , tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Display Medical Refrigerator, producing smooth-Display Vaccine Refrigerator .Big Vaccine Refrigerator , filaments are cut to short,Vaccine Refrigerator.Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge . Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Glass Door Display Fridge .

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Big Display Fridge ,Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator , is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Display Blood Bank Refrigerator . The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Big Blood Bank Refrigerator , which are usually round,Medical Refrigerator. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Hit Anchor.
• Shield Anchor,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor. Also,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook,Hollow Wall Anchor.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail

Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut. The rope-Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Coupling Nut.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling.Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Drop in Anchor. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor.

The Future

Chemical Anchor,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer's fastest-growing fiber.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.