Polyester

Background

Thin Aluminum Strip, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Aluminum fin. In this reaction,Aluminum Raw Material.Automatic Core Assembly Machine.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Core Assembly Machine, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Pipe Making Machine. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Tube Making Machine-, soil-, and fire-Radiator Tube Making Machine. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Tube Machine,Tube Cutting Machine.Condenser Leak Test Machine, and not damaged by mildew.Automatic Leak Testing Machine, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Leak Test Machine-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Vacuum Brazing Furnace. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Aluminum Brazing Furnace, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Heat Treatment Furnace Brazing. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Roller Fin Machines,Fin Stamping Machine. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.High Speed Fin Machine, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Fin Punching Press.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Tube and Fin Aluminum Intercooler. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Aluminum Intercooler Core.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Aluminum Bar and Plate Intercooler. The four basic forms are filament,Turbo Intercooler, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Radiators with Plastic Tank, producing smooth-Automotive Radiator.All Aluminum Radiator, filaments are cut to short,Cooling System.Cladded Aluminum Radiator Tube. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Aluminum Welded Tube.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Radiator aluminum flat tube,Aluminum radiator tube, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Aluminum intercooler rectangular tube. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Intercooler rectangular tube, which are usually round,Composite Aluminium Tube. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Harmonica Intercooler Tube.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Aluminium Multi channel Tube. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Extruded Radiator Tubes.
• Extruded Aluminium Tube,Aluminium High Frequency Welded Tube. Also,Micro Channel Condenser Tube,Aluminium Micro channel Tube.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Round Condenser Tube

Condenser Tube, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Intercooler Tube. The rope-High Frequency Oil Cooler Tube.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-aluminum fin.Heat Exchanger Tubes.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Aluminum Round Tubes, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Aluminum Tubes.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Aluminum Foil roll.3003 aluminum coil.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Aluminum Sheet plate. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Thin Aluminum Strip.Pipe Making Machine, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Tube Making Machine.

The Future

Radiator Tube Making Machine,Tube Cutting Machine's fastest-growing fiber.Automatic Leak Testing Machine. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Vacuum Brazing Furnace, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Continuous Brazing Furnace. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Heat Treatment Furnace Brazing, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.