Polyester

Background

Aluminum Keyboard Case, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,CNC Machined shell of mini desktop computer. In this reaction,Disc Washer.Precision Washer.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Gasket For Other Purposes, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Other Washer. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Curved Spring Washer-, soil-, and fire-Spring Washer. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Size Flat Pad,Aluminum Oxide Color Washer.Machining Anti Theft Nut, and not damaged by mildew.Butterfly Nut, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Knurled Nut-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Brass Nut. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Diamond Nut, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Four Grip Nut. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Other Nuts,Long Hexagon Nut. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Slotted Hex Nut, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Hexagon Full Hole Slotted Insert Nut.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Hexagon Flange Nut with Anti Slip Teeth. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Hexagon Socket Nut.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Hexagon Nut. The four basic forms are filament,Hand Tightening Screw, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Hand Screw, producing smooth-Quincunx Slotted Round Head Screw.Quincunx Slotted Cylindrical Head Screw, filaments are cut to short,Hexagon Socket Knurled Cylindrical Head Screw.Hexagon Socket Countersunk Head Screw. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Hexagon Socket Machine Screw.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Slotted Round Head Screw,Slotting Machine Screw, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Screw. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Long Bolt With Washer, which are usually round,Multi Purpose Bolt. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Anchor Bolt.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Eyebolt. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Flower Basket Bolt.
• Handle Cam Rod Bolt,Other Bolts. Also,Hexagon Bolt With Intermediate,Hexagon Head Bolt.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Round Head Bolt

T-shaped Countersunk Head Bolt, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Hexagon Socket Countersunk Head Bolt. The rope-Cross Countersunk Head Bolt.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Countersunk Head Bolt.Bolt.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,300ML Electric adhesive dispensing gun, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Electric Adhesive Dispensing Gun.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Manual Adhesive Dispensing Gun.250ML Pneumatic Adhesive Dispenser Application.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Pneumatic Adhesive Dispensing Gun. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Manual Adhesive Dispenser.Electric Adhesive Dispenser, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Pneumatic Adhesive Dispenser.

The Future

HEPA Media Pads And Rolls Air Filtration For Pocket Type,HEPA Media Pads And Rolls Air Filtration For All Hepa Composite Base Fabric's fastest-growing fiber.HEPA Media Pads And Rolls Air Filtration For All Medium. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,HEPA Media Pads And Rolls Air Filtration For All Primary, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,HEPA Media Pads And Rolls Air Filtration. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Air Filtration Media, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.