Polyester

Background

Soft Microfiber Cleaning Cloth For Jewelry, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Jewelry Polishing Cleaning Cloth Printed. In this reaction,Microfiber Camera Cleaning Cloth.Camera Cleaning Cloth.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Cleaning Cloth For Eyeglasses, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Packaging For Sunglasses. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Spectacle Frame Box-, soil-, and fire-Black Sunglasses Case Packaging. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Sunglasses Product Packaging,Paper Packaging Box For Eyeglasses Frames.Corrugated PVC Suction Hose, and not damaged by mildew.Clear And Transparent PVC Tubing, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,PVC Clear Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.General Purpose PVC Garden Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Non-kink PVC Garden Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Home PVC Garden Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Flexible PVC Garden Hose,Anti-UV PVC Garden Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.PVC Garden Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Torsion Free Garden Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Clear PVC Braided Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Steel Wire Reinforced PVC Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Medium Duty PVC Lay Flat Hose, producing smooth-Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose.PVC Lay Flat Hose, filaments are cut to short,Industrial PVC Steel Wire Suction Hose.Gas Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Oxygen Acetylene Hose,Vinyl Tubing, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Welding Gas Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.PVC Suction Hose Pipe, which are usually round,Grey PVC Suction Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Pneumatic PVC Air Hose.
• Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose,Green PVC Garden Hose. Also,All-weather PVC Garden Hose,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

PVC Braided Hose Pipe

PVC Nylon Braided Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose. The rope-Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Blue PVC Layflat Hose.PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Lay Flat Irrigation Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Oxygen Acetylene Hose.Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing.

The Future

Welding Gas Hose,Grey PVC Suction Hose's fastest-growing fiber.Green PVC Suction Hose. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.PVC Suction Hose, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.