Polyester

Background

Detachable Type Autoloader, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Cabinet Dryer. In this reaction,Mold Dehumidifying Dryer.Dehumidification Drying Feeder.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Dehumidifier, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Low Speed Granulators. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Low Noise Granulators-, soil-, and fire-Screw Color Mixer. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.European Type Hopper Dryers,Dehumidifier.Central Material Handling System, and not damaged by mildew.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,NZK Vacuum Dryer-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Hopper Dryer. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Low Noise Plastic Granulator, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Strong Granulators. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Middle Speed Plastic Granulator,Gravimetric Dosing and Mixing Unit. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Color Dose Mixer, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Central Conveying System.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Central Chiller -Single. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Water Cooled Chillers.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Dual Mold Temperature Controller- Oil Based. The four basic forms are filament,One Piece Complete Autoloader, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Detachable Type Autoloader, producing smooth-Cabinet Dryer.Mold Dehumidifying Dryer, filaments are cut to short,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine.Dehumidifying and Drying System. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Dehumidification Drying Feeder.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Dehumidifier,Low Speed Granulators, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Middle Speed Granulators. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Strong Granulators, which are usually round,Vertical Color Mixer. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Central Conveying System.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Mixer. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based.
• Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based,Central Chiller Dual Machine. Also,TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine,TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Heating and Cooling

Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Detachable Type Autoloader. The rope-European Type Hopper Dryers.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Dehumidification Drying Feeder.Dehumidifying and Drying System.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Cabinet Dryer.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Central Material Handling System.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,European Type Hopper Dryer. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Hot Air Dryer.HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Hopper Dryer.

The Future

Dehumidifying and Drying,Manganese Gluconate's fastest-growing fiber.Copper Gluconate. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Zinc Gluconate, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Magnesium Gluconate. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Potassium Gluconate, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.