Polyester

Background

Big Vaccine Refrigerator , air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Vaccine Refrigerator. In this reaction,Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge .Glass Door Display Fridge .

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Big Display Fridge , computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator . It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Display Blood Bank Refrigerator -, soil-, and fire-Big Blood Bank Refrigerator . Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Medical Refrigerator,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer, and not damaged by mildew.Hit Anchor, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Shield Anchor-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Hollow Wall Anchor. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail,Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Coupling Nut. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip. The four basic forms are filament,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, producing smooth-Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling.Drop in Anchor, filaments are cut to short,Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Chemical Anchor,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook, which are usually round,Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Protective Horse Rubber Boots. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots.
• High Neck Bell Boots For Horse,Horse Rubber Bell Boots. Also,Horse Rubber Parts,Custom Rubber Gaskets.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Rubber Dust Cover

Gear Shift Lever Boot, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Auto Rubber Engine Mounting. The rope-Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Automotive Rubber Bushings.Stabilizer Rubber Bushing.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Rubber To Metal Bonding Bushings, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Rubber Bushing.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Automotive Rubber Parts.Silicone Rubber Rollers.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Rubber Coated Rollers. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Non-Slip Rubber Feet.Anti Abrasion Rubber Bumpers, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Rubber Bumpers.

The Future

Square Rubber Grommets,Custom Molded Rubber Parts's fastest-growing fiber.Compression Molding Custom Rubber Parts. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Extrusion Molding Custom Rubber Parts, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Custom Neoprene Rubber Products. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Custom Rubber Parts Anti-Slip Handle Grip, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.