Polyester

Background

Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Detachable Type Autoloader. In this reaction,European Type Hopper Dryers.Dehumidification Drying Feeder.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Dehumidifying and Drying System, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Cabinet Dryer-, soil-, and fire-Central Material Handling System. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine,European Type Hopper Dryer.Hot Air Dryer, and not damaged by mildew.HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Hopper Dryer-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Dehumidifying and Drying. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Manganese Gluconate, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Copper Gluconate. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Zinc Gluconate,Magnesium Gluconate. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Potassium Gluconate, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Magnesium Lactate.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Zinc Lactate. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Ferrous Lactate.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Potassium Citrate. The four basic forms are filament,Calcium Citrate, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Ferric Sulphate, producing smooth-Magnesium Chloride.Calcium Chloride, filaments are cut to short,Magnesium Carbonate.Minerals. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Freshener Blends.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Solidification Stabilizer Blends,Defoamer Blends, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Bleaching Agent Blends. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Emulsifers Blends, which are usually round,Acidity Regulator Blends. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Preservatives Blends.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Antioxidants Blends. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Curing Agent For Meat.
• Water Holding Agent For Surimi Product,Water Holding Agent For Fish Fillet. Also,Leavening Agent Blends,Water Holding Agent Blends.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Emulsifying Thickners Blends

Thickners Blends, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Baking Powder For Deep-fried Dough Sticks. The rope-Baking Powder For Noodles.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Vegetarian Meat Meal.Fat Replacement Powder.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Carrageenan For Tumbling And Marinated, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Aluminium Phosphate.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Zinc Metaphosphate.Diammonium Phosphate.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Zinc Phosphate. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Boron Phosphate.Aluminium Dihydrogen Phosphate, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Ammonium Metaphosphate.

The Future

Sodium Metaphosphate,Specialty Phosphates's fastest-growing fiber.Ferric Orthophosphate. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Potassium Metaphosphate, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Dipotassium Phosphate. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Potassium Phosphates, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.