Polyester

Background

Strong Granulators, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Vertical Color Mixer. In this reaction,Central Conveying System.Mixer.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Central Chiller Dual Machine-, soil-, and fire-TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller,Heating and Cooling.Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders, and not damaged by mildew.Detachable Type Autoloader, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,European Type Hopper Dryers-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Dehumidification Drying Feeder. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Dehumidifying and Drying System, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Cabinet Dryer,Central Material Handling System. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.European Type Hopper Dryer.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Hot Air Dryer. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Hopper Dryer. The four basic forms are filament,Dehumidifying and Drying, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Manganese Gluconate, producing smooth-Copper Gluconate.Zinc Gluconate, filaments are cut to short,Magnesium Gluconate.Potassium Gluconate. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Magnesium Lactate.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Zinc Lactate,Ferrous Lactate, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Potassium Citrate. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Calcium Citrate, which are usually round,Ferric Sulphate. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Magnesium Chloride.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Calcium Chloride. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Magnesium Carbonate.
• Minerals,Freshener Blends. Also,Solidification Stabilizer Blends,Defoamer Blends.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Bleaching Agent Blends

Emulsifers Blends, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Acidity Regulator Blends. The rope-Preservatives Blends.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Antioxidants Blends.Curing Agent For Meat.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Water Holding Agent For Surimi Product, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Water Holding Agent For Fish Fillet.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Leavening Agent Blends.Water Holding Agent Blends.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Emulsifying Thickners Blends. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Thickners Blends.Baking Powder For Deep-fried Dough Sticks, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Baking Powder For Noodles.

The Future

Vegetarian Meat Meal,Fat Replacement Powder's fastest-growing fiber.Carrageenan For Tumbling And Marinated. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Aluminium Phosphate, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Zinc Metaphosphate. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Diammonium Phosphate, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.