Polyester

Background

Middle Speed Plastic Granulator, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Gravimetric Dosing and Mixing Unit. In this reaction,Color Dose Mixer.Central Conveying System.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Central Chiller -Single, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Water Cooled Chillers. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Dual Mold Temperature Controller- Oil Based-, soil-, and fire-One Piece Complete Autoloader. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Detachable Type Autoloader,Cabinet Dryer.Mold Dehumidifying Dryer, and not damaged by mildew.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Dehumidifying and Drying System-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Dehumidification Drying Feeder. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Dehumidifier, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Low Speed Granulators. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Middle Speed Granulators,Strong Granulators. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Vertical Color Mixer, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Central Conveying System.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Mixer. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based. The four basic forms are filament,Central Chiller Dual Machine, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine, producing smooth-TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller.Heating and Cooling, filaments are cut to short,Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders.Detachable Type Autoloader. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.European Type Hopper Dryers.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Dehumidification Drying Feeder,Dehumidifying and Drying System, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Dehumidifying and Drying Machinery. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Cabinet Dryer, which are usually round,Central Material Handling System. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Dehumidifying and Drying Machine.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,European Type Hopper Dryer. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Hot Air Dryer.
• HDV Conveyor Integrated Hot Air Dryer,Hopper Dryer. Also,Dehumidifying and Drying,Manganese Gluconate.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Copper Gluconate

Zinc Gluconate, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Magnesium Gluconate. The rope-Potassium Gluconate.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Magnesium Lactate.Zinc Lactate.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Ferrous Lactate, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Potassium Citrate.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Calcium Citrate.Ferric Sulphate.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Magnesium Chloride. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Calcium Chloride.Magnesium Carbonate, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Minerals.

The Future

Freshener Blends,Solidification Stabilizer Blends's fastest-growing fiber.Defoamer Blends. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Bleaching Agent Blends, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Emulsifers Blends. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Acidity Regulator Blends, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.