Polyester

Background

Printing Paper Shopping Bag, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Shopping Gift Paper Bag For Packaging. In this reaction,Paper Bags.Soft Microfiber Cleaning Cloth For Jewelry.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Jewelry Polishing Cleaning Cloth Printed, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Microfiber Camera Cleaning Cloth. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Camera Cleaning Cloth-, soil-, and fire-Cleaning Cloth For Eyeglasses. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Packaging For Sunglasses,Spectacle Frame Box.Black Sunglasses Case Packaging, and not damaged by mildew.Sunglasses Product Packaging, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Paper Packaging Box For Eyeglasses Frames-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Corrugated PVC Suction Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Clear And Transparent PVC Tubing, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,PVC Clear Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.General Purpose PVC Garden Hose,Non-kink PVC Garden Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Home PVC Garden Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Flexible PVC Garden Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Anti-UV PVC Garden Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,PVC Garden Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Torsion Free Garden Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Clear PVC Braided Hose, producing smooth-Steel Wire Reinforced PVC Hose.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose, filaments are cut to short,Medium Duty PVC Lay Flat Hose.Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.PVC Lay Flat Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Industrial PVC Steel Wire Suction Hose,Gas Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Oxygen Acetylene Hose, which are usually round,Vinyl Tubing. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Welding Gas Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,PVC Suction Hose Pipe. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Grey PVC Suction Hose.
• Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose,Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose. Also,Pneumatic PVC Air Hose,Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Green PVC Garden Hose

All-weather PVC Garden Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose. The rope-PVC Braided Hose Pipe.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-PVC Nylon Braided Hose.PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose.PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Blue PVC Layflat Hose.PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Lay Flat Irrigation Hose.

The Future

Oxygen Acetylene Hose,Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing's fastest-growing fiber.Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Welding Gas Hose, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Grey PVC Suction Hose. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Green PVC Suction Hose, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.