Polyester

Background

Precision Machining, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Other Machining. In this reaction,Custom CNC Hinge.Mechanical Door Lock.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Machining Sleeve, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Aluminum CNC Machining. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Aluminum Keyboard Case-, soil-, and fire-CNC Machined shell of mini desktop computer. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Disc Washer,Precision Washer.Gasket For Other Purposes, and not damaged by mildew.Other Washer, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Curved Spring Washer-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Spring Washer. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Size Flat Pad, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Aluminum Oxide Color Washer. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Machining Anti Theft Nut,Butterfly Nut. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Knurled Nut, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Brass Nut.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Diamond Nut. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Four Grip Nut.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Other Nuts. The four basic forms are filament,Long Hexagon Nut, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Slotted Hex Nut, producing smooth-Hexagon Full Hole Slotted Insert Nut.Hexagon Flange Nut with Anti Slip Teeth, filaments are cut to short,Hexagon Socket Nut.Hexagon Nut. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Hand Tightening Screw.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Hand Screw,Quincunx Slotted Round Head Screw, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Quincunx Slotted Cylindrical Head Screw. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Hexagon Socket Knurled Cylindrical Head Screw, which are usually round,Hexagon Socket Countersunk Head Screw. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Hexagon Socket Machine Screw.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Slotted Round Head Screw. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Slotting Machine Screw.
• Screw,Long Bolt With Washer. Also,Multi Purpose Bolt,Anchor Bolt.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Eyebolt

Flower Basket Bolt, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Handle Cam Rod Bolt. The rope-Other Bolts.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Hexagon Bolt With Intermediate.Hexagon Head Bolt.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Round Head Bolt, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).T-shaped Countersunk Head Bolt.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Hexagon Socket Countersunk Head Bolt.Cross Countersunk Head Bolt.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Countersunk Head Bolt. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Bolt.300ML Electric adhesive dispensing gun, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Electric Adhesive Dispensing Gun.

The Future

Manual Adhesive Dispensing Gun,250ML Pneumatic Adhesive Dispenser Application's fastest-growing fiber.Pneumatic Adhesive Dispensing Gun. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Manual Adhesive Dispenser, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Electric Adhesive Dispenser. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Pneumatic Adhesive Dispenser, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.