Polyester

Background

Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Welding Gas Hose. In this reaction,Grey PVC Suction Hose.Green PVC Suction Hose.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;PVC Suction Hose-, soil-, and fire-General Purpose PVC Garden Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose,PVC Thunder Hose Pipe.PVC Spring Hose, and not damaged by mildew.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,High Pressure PVC Lay Flat Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Blue PVC Layflat Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose,Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.PVC Lay Flat Discharge Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Sunny Layflat Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,C19400. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,nickel silver alloy.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.silver points. The four basic forms are filament,Steel rivets, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Aluminum rivets, producing smooth-copper rivets.AgCdO Bimetal rivet, filaments are cut to short,AgCdO contact.CNC Parts. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.CuBe2 Beryllium Copper Strip.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-CuBe2 Beryllium Copper,C17200 Beryllium Copper Strip, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,C17200 Beryllium Copper. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Beryllium Copper, which are usually round,CuSn6 Phosphor Bronze Strip. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,C51900 Bronze Strip.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,C51000 Bronze Strip. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,CuSn5 Phosphor Bronze Strip.
• C5100 Bronze Strip,C28000 Brass Strip. Also,H63 Brass Strip Coil,C27000 CuZn35 Brass.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

H65 Brass Strip Coil

C26000 CuZn30 Brass Strip, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,H80 Brass Strip Coil. The rope-C22000 CuZn10 Brass Strip.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-C22000 Brass Strip.Brass Strip.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,C75200 Copper Nickel Zinc Strip, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).C7701 C7521 Nickel Silver Strip.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Copper Nickel Zinc.Nickel Silver Strip.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Nickel Plated Copper Strip. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)PCB Copper.Copper Clad, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Silver Onlay Brass Strip.

The Future

Silver Onlay,Silver Clad Copper Strip's fastest-growing fiber.Silver Clad. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Semi Tubular Brass Rivet, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Brass Tubular Rivet. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Solid Brass Rivet, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.