Polyester

Background

White PVC Foam Sheet, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,PVC Free Foam Sheet. In this reaction,Colors PVC Foam Board.Low Density PVC Free Foam Board.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,PVC Foam Sheet, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Low Noise Plastic Granulator. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Mid Speed Granulator-, soil-, and fire-Middle Speed Plastic Granulator. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Low Speed Granulators,Screw Color Mixer.Color Dose Mixer, and not damaged by mildew.Central Chiller - Dual Machine, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Central Chiller -Single-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Hot Water Temperature Control Modules. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Mold Temperature Controller -Water Based. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Mold Temperature Controller - Oil Based,One Piece Complete Autoloader. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Detachable Type Autoloader, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Cabinet Dryer.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Mold Dehumidifying Dryer. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Dehumidification Drying Feeder.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Dehumidifier. The four basic forms are filament,Low Speed Granulators, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Low Noise Granulators, producing smooth-Screw Color Mixer.European Type Hopper Dryers, filaments are cut to short,Dehumidifier.Central Material Handling System. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Dehumidifying and Drying Machine.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-NZK Vacuum Dryer,Hopper Dryer, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Low Noise Plastic Granulator. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Strong Granulators, which are usually round,Middle Speed Plastic Granulator. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Gravimetric Dosing and Mixing Unit.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Color Dose Mixer. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Central Conveying System.
• Central Chiller -Single,Water Cooled Chillers. Also,Dual Mold Temperature Controller- Oil Based,One Piece Complete Autoloader.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Detachable Type Autoloader

Cabinet Dryer, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Mold Dehumidifying Dryer. The rope-Dehumidifying and Drying Machine.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Dehumidifying and Drying System.Dehumidification Drying Feeder.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Dehumidifier, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Low Speed Granulators.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Middle Speed Granulators.Strong Granulators.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Vertical Color Mixer. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Central Conveying System.Mixer, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based.

The Future

Dual Mold Temperature Controller-Water Based,Central Chiller Dual Machine's fastest-growing fiber.TCOD Oil Type Mold Temperature Machine. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,TCHW A cold and hot integrated temperature controller, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Heating and Cooling. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Self Contained Vacuum Hopper Loaders, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.