Polyester

Background

Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Temperature Controlled Shakers. In this reaction,2-8 Degrees Glass Door Pharmacy Vaccine Refrigerator.Visible Display Pharmacy Refrigerator .

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Mini Display Pharmacy Refrigerator , computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Small Display Pharmacy Refrigerator . It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Display Medical Refrigerator-, soil-, and fire-Display Vaccine Refrigerator . Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Big Vaccine Refrigerator ,Vaccine Refrigerator.Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge , and not damaged by mildew.Glass Door Display Fridge , nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Big Display Fridge -based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator . This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Display Blood Bank Refrigerator , the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Big Blood Bank Refrigerator . The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Medical Refrigerator,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Hit Anchor.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Shield Anchor. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook. The four basic forms are filament,Hollow Wall Anchor, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail, producing smooth-Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin.Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut, filaments are cut to short,Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes.Coupling Nut. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling, which are usually round,Drop in Anchor. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor.
• Chemical Anchor,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer. Also,Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Fish Fins,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Conical Nut and O Hook.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Carbon Steel Bulewhite Zinc Plated Sleeve Anchor with Flange Nut

Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Wedge Anchor with Stainless Clip, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Protective Horse Rubber Boots. The rope-Ribbed Rubber Horse Bell Boots.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-High Neck Bell Boots For Horse.Horse Rubber Bell Boots.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Horse Rubber Parts, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Custom Rubber Gaskets.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Rubber Dust Cover.Gear Shift Lever Boot.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Auto Rubber Engine Mounting. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Automotive Engine Rubber Mounting.Automotive Rubber Bushings, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Stabilizer Rubber Bushing.

The Future

Rubber To Metal Bonding Bushings,Rubber Bushing's fastest-growing fiber.Automotive Rubber Parts. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Silicone Rubber Rollers, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Rubber Coated Rollers. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Non-Slip Rubber Feet, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.