Polyester

Background

Small Deep Low Laboratory Refrigerator, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Upright Deep Low Laboratory Refrigerator. In this reaction,Mini Chest Deep Low Laboratory Refrigerator.Chest Deep Low Laboratory Refrigerators.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,4 Degree Display Laboratory Refrigerator, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Laboratory Refrigerator. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Deep Cryogenic Car Freezer-, soil-, and fire-Deep Low Temp Car Freezer. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Portable Low Temp Car Freezer,Low Temp Car Freezer.Car Freezer, and not damaged by mildew.Upright Ultra Low Temperature Freezer , nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Small Deep Low Temperature Freezer -based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Upright Ultra Low Temperature Freezer . This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Ultra Low Cryogenic Freezer , the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Ultra Deep Cold Temperature Freezer . The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Cold Medical Freezer,Ultra Low Temperature Medical Freezer . Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Upright Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Mini Chest Deep Low Temp Refrigerator.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,So-cold Temp Medical Freezer. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Chest Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Ultra-Low Cryogenic Freezer. The four basic forms are filament,Temperature Controlled Shakers, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,2-8 Degrees Glass Door Pharmacy Vaccine Refrigerator, producing smooth-Visible Display Pharmacy Refrigerator .Mini Display Pharmacy Refrigerator , filaments are cut to short,Small Display Pharmacy Refrigerator .Display Medical Refrigerator. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Display Vaccine Refrigerator .

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Big Vaccine Refrigerator ,Vaccine Refrigerator, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Display Medical Pharmacy Fridge . The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Glass Door Display Fridge , which are usually round,Big Display Fridge . The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Mini Blood Bank Refrigerator .
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Display Blood Bank Refrigerator . The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Big Blood Bank Refrigerator .
• Medical Refrigerator,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Hit Anchor with Flange Nut. Also,Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Pin Anchor with Conical Washer,Hit Anchor.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Shield Anchor

Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hollow Wall Anchor with O Hook. The rope-Hollow Wall Anchor.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Carnon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Express Nail.Mushroom Head Stainless Steel Pin.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Stainless Steel Round Coupling Nut, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Stainless Steel Hex Coupling Nut with Holes.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Coupling Nut.Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Cut Anchor with Knurling.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor with Knurling and Lip. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Carbon Steel Yellow Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling.Carbon Steel Bluewhite Zinc Plated Drop in Anchor with Knurling, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Stainless Steel Drop in Anchor Without Knurling.

The Future

Drop in Anchor,Stainless Steel Chemical Anchor with Hex Nut and Washer's fastest-growing fiber.Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Chemical Anchor. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Carbon Steel Hot Dip Galvanized HDG Chemical Anchor, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Chemical Anchor. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Stainless Steel Sleeve Anchor with Hex Nut and Flat Washer, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.