Polyester

Background

Freshener Blends, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Solidification Stabilizer Blends. In this reaction,Defoamer Blends.Bleaching Agent Blends.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Emulsifers Blends, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Acidity Regulator Blends. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Preservatives Blends-, soil-, and fire-Antioxidants Blends. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Curing Agent For Meat,Water Holding Agent For Surimi Product.Water Holding Agent For Fish Fillet, and not damaged by mildew.Leavening Agent Blends, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Water Holding Agent Blends-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Emulsifying Thickners Blends. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Thickners Blends, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Baking Powder For Deep-fried Dough Sticks. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Baking Powder For Noodles,Vegetarian Meat Meal. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Fat Replacement Powder, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Carrageenan For Tumbling And Marinated.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Aluminium Phosphate. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Zinc Metaphosphate.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Diammonium Phosphate. The four basic forms are filament,Zinc Phosphate, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Boron Phosphate, producing smooth-Aluminium Dihydrogen Phosphate.Ammonium Metaphosphate, filaments are cut to short,Sodium Metaphosphate.Specialty Phosphates. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Ferric Orthophosphate.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Potassium Metaphosphate,Dipotassium Phosphate, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Potassium Phosphates. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Sodium Trimetaphosphate, which are usually round,Sodium Hexametaphosphate. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Trisodium Pyrophosphate.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Trisodium Phosphate. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Disodium Phosphate.
• Monosodium Phosphate,Tricalcium Phosphate. Also,Monocalcium Phosphate,Calcium Phosphates.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Phosphates

Evenly heated, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,smokeless. The rope-H2 Series 720P Small Size Hard Disk Mobile Digital Video Recorder.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-H5 Series 1080P Single-Ding Mobile DVR.S3 Series 1080P SD Card Mobile DVR.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Long Lasting Waterproof Eyeliner Gel, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Waterproof Long Lasting Eyeliner.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Eyeliner.Moisturizing Essence Rose Water.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Skin Care. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)2 in 1 cream and liquid foundation.Ampoule Cushion Foundation, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Perfect Coverage Foundation Cream.

The Future

Brightening Liquid Foundation,Zero Pores Separation Cream's fastest-growing fiber.Brightening Liquid Highlighter. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,long lasting Lip Gloss, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Flattering Face Blush. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Double Head Mascara, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.