Polyester

Background

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Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Bamboo Drawer Organizer, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Laundry Basket. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Foldable Cutting Board-, soil-, and fire-Folding Bowl. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Wood Poster Frame Hanger in Black for Photo Picture Canvas Artwork Art,Hanger Sizer Garment Size.Blanket Hanger, and not damaged by mildew.Magic Hangers Multifunctional Hanger, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Stainless Steel Magic Space Saver Storage Pants Hanger-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Magic Hanger. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Velvet Kids Clothes Hangers, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Velvet Multi Purpose Hanger. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Velvet Hanger,Metal Shirt Hanger with Thickness Wire. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Travel Portable Laundry Hooks Pins Clips Hanger, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Metal Mini Clip Hanger.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Metal Shirt Hanger. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Clear Plastic Hanger with Clips.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Plastic Coat Hanger Dimensions. The four basic forms are filament,Professional Thick Plastic Coat Hanger Dimensions, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Folding Hanger, producing smooth-Black Triangle Plastic Clothes Hangers for Suits.Adult Girls Panty and Bra Sets Stock with Hanger Poly Packing, filaments are cut to short,Plastic Terry cloth Blanket Hanger.Foldable Washable Cloth Hanging Closet Organizer. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Compressed Flat Vacuum Bag.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Space Saver Compressed Bag,Compressed Bag, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Display Plywood Clothes Hanger with Leopard Head. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Wooden Cloth Hanger Rack, which are usually round,Luxury Antique Wooden Shirt Hanger. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Wooden Hanger Anti Theft with Clips.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Natural wood Pack Solid Wood Clothes Hangers. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Wood Clothes Hangers.
• Wooden Hanger,Kn95 Masks With Respirator. Also,Prevention Key,Oxygen Machine.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Washable Fabric Mask

Cotton Fabric Germ Protection Mask, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Fabric Mask. The rope-Electric Alcohol Disinfectant Sprayer.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Alcohol Sprayer.Alcohol Disinfectant.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Hand Sanitizer Gel With Alcohol, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Hand Sanitizer.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Disinfection Products.Protective Safety Goggles.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Protective Safety Eye Protection Goggles. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Medical Protective Eye Goggles.Anti Virus Medical Safety Goggles, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Safety Glasses Virus Medical Goggles.

The Future

Protective Goggles,Disposable Nitrile Gloves's fastest-growing fiber.Disposable PVC Gloves. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Latex Gloves, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Disposable PE Gloves. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Disposable PE Gloves With Block, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.