Polyester

Background

Manual Open Adult Wooden Stick Umbrella, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Rainbow Adult Stick Automatic Umbrella. In this reaction,Special Rainbow Edge Long Adult Stick Umbrella.Double Layer Special Adult Stick Umbrella.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Automatic Long Stick Rain Umbrellas, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Gent Folding Super Mini Manual Open Umbrella. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Folding Manual Open Umbrella-, soil-, and fire-Wooden Two Folding Automatic Golf Umbrella. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Folding Umbrella,Natural Cork Composition Sheets.Cork and Nitrile Rubber sheets, and not damaged by mildew.Farmhouse Large Decorative Wall Clocks, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Pallet Wood Barn Farmhouse Wall Clock-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Black Windmill Wall Hook. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Inspired Home Windmill Decor Wall Hooks, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Windmill Metal Wall Decor with Hook. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Quartz Decorative Wall Clock,Multi-size Home Office Large Wall Clock. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.12 Inch Printed Face Wall Clock, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Christmas Wood and Metal Crafts.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Fall-wood and Metal Crafts. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Bird House Spring Wood Planter.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Distressed Wood Slat Wall Mirror. The four basic forms are filament,Large Windmill Home Decoration Wall Hook, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Vintage Look White Wash Metal Frame Wood Cabinet Storage With 6 Drawers, producing smooth-Vintage Look Cabinet.Cabinet with 6 Drawers, filaments are cut to short,Furniture.Metal Planter Tray With Handles. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Antique Metal Planter Pot with Stands Décor.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Metal Planter,Rectangular MDF Wood Planter, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Square Mdf Wood Planter. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Geometric Wood Planter, which are usually round,Antique Distressed Color Wood Planter. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Graphite PTFE Yarn.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Multiple PTFE Filament Yarn. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,PTFE Packing with Kynol Fiber Corners.
• ASME Spiral Wound Gasket,glass-to-glass. Also,Exhaust Spiral Wound Gaskets,Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Nuclear Spiral Wound Gasket

Kynol Fiber Packing, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,graphite gasket. The rope-Carbonized Fiber Packing with Graphite.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Carbonized Fiber Packing.graphite gasket.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,teflon ring gasket, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Corrugated Graphite Tapes.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Braided Graphite Tube.PTFE Joint Sealant.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Joint Sealant Flange Gasket. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Expanded PTFE Products.eptfe, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)ptfe joint sealant tape.

The Future

Graphite Packing With PTFE Impregnated,Corrugated Graphite Tapes's fastest-growing fiber.CGFO Packing. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Kynol Fiber Packing, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Standard Spiral Wound Gasket. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Special Materials Spiral Wound Gaskets, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.