Polyester

Background

Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Oxygen Acetylene Hose. In this reaction,Vinyl Tubing.Welding Gas Hose.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,PVC Suction Hose Pipe, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Grey PVC Suction Hose. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose-, soil-, and fire-Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Pneumatic PVC Air Hose,Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose.Green PVC Garden Hose, and not damaged by mildew.All-weather PVC Garden Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.PVC Braided Hose Pipe. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,PVC Nylon Braided Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose,Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Blue PVC Layflat Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Lay Flat Irrigation Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Oxygen Acetylene Hose, producing smooth-Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing.Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing, filaments are cut to short,Welding Gas Hose.Grey PVC Suction Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Green PVC Suction Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose,Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,PVC Suction Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.General Purpose PVC Garden Hose, which are usually round,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,PVC Thunder Hose Pipe.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,PVC Spring Hose. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose.
• FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose,Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose. Also,High Pressure PVC Lay Flat Hose,Blue PVC Layflat Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose

Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,PVC Lay Flat Discharge Hose. The rope-Sunny Layflat Hose.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-C19400.nickel silver alloy.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,silver points, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Steel rivets.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Aluminum rivets.copper rivets.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,AgCdO Bimetal rivet. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)AgCdO contact.CNC Parts, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)CuBe2 Beryllium Copper Strip.

The Future

CuBe2 Beryllium Copper,C17200 Beryllium Copper Strip's fastest-growing fiber.C17200 Beryllium Copper. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,Beryllium Copper, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,CuSn6 Phosphor Bronze Strip. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.C51900 Bronze Strip, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.