Polyester

Background

Curved Spring Washer, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Spring Washer. In this reaction,Size Flat Pad.Aluminum Oxide Color Washer.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Machining Anti Theft Nut, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Butterfly Nut. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Knurled Nut-, soil-, and fire-Brass Nut. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Diamond Nut,Four Grip Nut.Other Nuts, and not damaged by mildew.Long Hexagon Nut, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,Slotted Hex Nut-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Hexagon Full Hole Slotted Insert Nut. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Hexagon Flange Nut with Anti Slip Teeth, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Hexagon Socket Nut. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Hexagon Nut,Hand Tightening Screw. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Hand Screw, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Quincunx Slotted Round Head Screw.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Quincunx Slotted Cylindrical Head Screw. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Hexagon Socket Knurled Cylindrical Head Screw.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Hexagon Socket Countersunk Head Screw. The four basic forms are filament,Hexagon Socket Machine Screw, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Slotted Round Head Screw, producing smooth-Slotting Machine Screw.Screw, filaments are cut to short,Long Bolt With Washer.Multi Purpose Bolt. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Anchor Bolt.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Eyebolt,Flower Basket Bolt, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Handle Cam Rod Bolt. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Other Bolts, which are usually round,Hexagon Bolt With Intermediate. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Hexagon Head Bolt.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Round Head Bolt. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,T-shaped Countersunk Head Bolt.
• Hexagon Socket Countersunk Head Bolt,Cross Countersunk Head Bolt. Also,Countersunk Head Bolt,Bolt.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

300ML Electric adhesive dispensing gun

Electric Adhesive Dispensing Gun, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Manual Adhesive Dispensing Gun. The rope-250ML Pneumatic Adhesive Dispenser Application.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Pneumatic Adhesive Dispensing Gun.Manual Adhesive Dispenser.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Electric Adhesive Dispenser, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Pneumatic Adhesive Dispenser.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)HEPA Media Pads And Rolls Air Filtration For Pocket Type.HEPA Media Pads And Rolls Air Filtration For All Hepa Composite Base Fabric.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,HEPA Media Pads And Rolls Air Filtration For All Medium. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)HEPA Media Pads And Rolls Air Filtration For All Primary.HEPA Media Pads And Rolls Air Filtration, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)Air Filtration Media.

The Future

HEPA Senior Effective Radicel Hepa Liquid Air Filter,HEPA Senior Effective Radicel Fine Air Filter V Bank With Cleanroom's fastest-growing fiber.HEPA Senior Effective Radicel Extend Surface Carbon V Style Air Filter. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,HEPA Senior Effective Radicel Box Air Filter With Clean Room, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,HEPA Senior Effective Radicel Box Air Filter For Clapboard. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.Medium Effective Finepak Pocket Air Filter Media F5, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.