Polyester

Background

Oxygen Acetylene Hose, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Vinyl Tubing. In this reaction,Welding Gas Hose.PVC Suction Hose Pipe.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Grey PVC Suction Hose, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose-, soil-, and fire-Pneumatic PVC Air Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose,Green PVC Garden Hose.All-weather PVC Garden Hose, and not damaged by mildew.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,PVC Braided Hose Pipe-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.PVC Nylon Braided Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,Blue PVC Layflat Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Lay Flat Irrigation Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Oxygen Acetylene Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing, producing smooth-Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing.Welding Gas Hose, filaments are cut to short,Grey PVC Suction Hose.Green PVC Suction Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose,PVC Suction Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,General Purpose PVC Garden Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, which are usually round,PVC Thunder Hose Pipe. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,PVC Spring Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose.
• Clear PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose,High Pressure PVC Lay Flat Hose. Also,Blue PVC Layflat Hose,PVC Lay Flat Water Delivery Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose

PVC Lay Flat Discharge Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Sunny Layflat Hose. The rope-C19400.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-nickel silver alloy.silver points.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Steel rivets, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Aluminum rivets.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)copper rivets.AgCdO Bimetal rivet.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,AgCdO contact. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)CNC Parts.CuBe2 Beryllium Copper Strip, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)CuBe2 Beryllium Copper.

The Future

C17200 Beryllium Copper Strip,C17200 Beryllium Copper's fastest-growing fiber.Beryllium Copper. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,CuSn6 Phosphor Bronze Strip, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,C51900 Bronze Strip. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.C51000 Bronze Strip, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.