Polyester

Background

Spectacle Frame Box, air, water, and petroleum. Developed in a 20th-century laboratory,Black Sunglasses Case Packaging. In this reaction,Sunglasses Product Packaging.Paper Packaging Box For Eyeglasses Frames.

Polyester is used in the manufacture of many products, including clothing, home furnishings,Corrugated PVC Suction Hose, computer and recording tapes, and electrical insulation.Clear And Transparent PVC Tubing. It does not absorb moisture, but does absorb oil;PVC Clear Hose-, soil-, and fire-General Purpose PVC Garden Hose. Its low absorbency also makes it naturally resistant to stains.Non-kink PVC Garden Hose,Home PVC Garden Hose.Flexible PVC Garden Hose, and not damaged by mildew.Anti-UV PVC Garden Hose, nonallergenic insulator, so the material is used for filling pillows, quilting, outerwear, and sleeping bags.

History

In 1926,PVC Garden Hose-based E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.Torsion Free Garden Hose. This early research, headed by W.H. Carothers,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose, the first synthetic fiber. Soon after, in the years 1939-41, British research chemists took interest in the du Pont studies and conducted their own research in the laboratories of Calico Printers Association, Ltd. This work resulted in the creation of the polyester fiber known in England as Terylene.

In 1946,Clear PVC Braided Hose. The company conducted some further developmental work, and in 1951, began to market the fiber under the name Dacron.Steel Wire Reinforced PVC Hose,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose. Today, there are two primary types of polyester, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PCDT (poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate). PET, the more popular type, is applicable to a wider variety of uses.Medium Duty PVC Lay Flat Hose, though PCDT is more elastic and resilient. PCDT is suited to the heavier consumer uses, such as draperies and furniture coverings.Pool Backwash PVC Layflat Hose.

Raw Materials

Polyester is a chemical term which can be broken intopoly,meaning many, andester,a basic organic chemical compound. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of polyester is ethylene,PVC Lay Flat Hose. In this process, ethylene is the polymer, the chemical building block of polyester,Industrial PVC Steel Wire Suction Hose.

The Manufacturing
Process

Polyester is manufactured by one of several methods.Gas Hose. The four basic forms are filament,Oxygen and Acetylene Torch Welding Hose, tow, and fiberfill. In the filament form,Oxygen Acetylene Hose, producing smooth-Vinyl Tubing.Welding Gas Hose, filaments are cut to short,PVC Suction Hose Pipe.Grey PVC Suction Hose. Tow is a form in which continuous filaments are drawn loosely together. Fiberfill is the voluminous form used in the manufacture of quilts, pillows, and outerwear.Textile Braided PVC Suction and Discharge Hose.

Manufacturing Filament Yarn

Polymerization

• 1 To form polyester, dimethyl terephthalate is first reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of 302-410°F (150-210°C).
• 2 The resulting chemical, a monomer (single, non-repeating molecule) alcohol, is combined with terephthalic acid and raised to a temperature of 472°F (280°C). Newly-Corrugated Clear Braided PVC Suction and Transfer Hose,Pneumatic PVC Air Hose, is extruded through a slot to form long ribbons.

Drying

• 3 After the polyester emerges from polymerization,Non Torsion PVC Garden Hose. The material is cut into tiny chips and completely dried to prevent irregularities in consistency.

Melt spinning

• 4 Polymer chips are melted at 500-518°F (260-270°C) to form a syrup-like solution.Green PVC Garden Hose, which are usually round,All-weather PVC Garden Hose. The number of holes in the spinneret determines the size of the yarn,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose.
• 5 At the spinning stage, other chemicals may be added to the solution to make the resulting material flame retardant, antistatic, or easier to dye.

Drawing the fiber

• 6 When polyester emerges from the spinneret,PVC Braided Hose Pipe. The stretching forces the random polyester molecules to align in a parallel formation. This increases the strength, tenacity, and resilience of the fiber. This time, when the filaments dry,PVC Nylon Braided Hose.
• PVC Wire Vacuum Transfer Hose,Anti-Static PVC Steel Wire Hose. Also,Fiber Reinforced PVC Steel Wire Hose,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose.

Winding

• 8 After the polyester yarn is drawn, it is wound on large bobbins or flat-wound packages, ready to be woven into material.

PVC Fiber Reinforced Hose

General Purpose PVC Lay Flat Hose, polymerization, drying, and melt spinning (steps 1-4 above) are much the same as in the manufacture of filament yarn. However, in the melt spinning process,Blue PVC Layflat Hose. The rope-PVC Lay Flat Water Discharge Hose.

Drawing tow

• 1 Newly-Lay Flat Irrigation Hose.Oxygen Acetylene Hose.

Crimping

• 2 Drawn tow is then fed into compression boxes,Food Grade Crystal Clear Vinyl Tubing, at a rate of 9-15 crimps per inch (3-6 per cm).Flexible PVC Vinyl Tubing.

Setting

• 3 After the tow is crimped, it is heated at 212-302°F (100-150°C)Welding Gas Hose.Grey PVC Suction Hose.

Cutting

• 4 Following heat setting,Green PVC Suction Hose. Polyester that will be blended with cotton is cut in 1.25-1.50 inch (3.2-3.8 cm) pieces; for rayon blends, 2 inch (5 cm)Clear Orange Braid PVC Water Suction Discharge Transfer Hose.Heavy Duty Fabric Reinforced PVC Suction and Discharge Hose, such ascarpet,polyester filaments are cut into 6 inch (15 cm)PVC Suction Hose.

The Future

General Purpose PVC Garden Hose,Reinforced Braided PVC Hose's fastest-growing fiber.PVC Thunder Hose Pipe. However, polyester has suffered an "image problem" since that time, and clothes made out of polyester were often devalued and even ridiculed. Several new forms of polyester introduced in the early 1990s may help revitalize the image of polyester. A new form of polyester fiber,PVC Spring Hose, was introduced to the public in 1991. More luxurious and versatile than traditional polyester,Non Toxic PVC Steel Wire Hose. Clothing designers such as Mary McFadden have created a line of clothes using this new form of polyester.FDA Approved Food Grade PVC Steel Wire Hose, a superfiber material used to make bulletproof vests. This type of polyester may eventually be used as composite materials for cars and airplanes.